As per the Global Network of Learning Cities, a learning city is one that encourages the idea of lifelong learning. It focuses on factors such as promoting inclusion, inclusivity, and prosperity for all. In 2022, Nilambur was selected as one of India's first UNESCO Learning Cities.

Nilambur, a town in the Malappuram district of Kerala, is situated on the banks of the Chaliyar River. It is surrounded by the Nilgiris mountains in the east. Its proximity to natural reservoirs makes it an important destination for eco-tourism. It is also known as the Teakwood Town of Kerala.

Historically, the region has been ruled by ancient Indian dynasties such as the Cheras and Kadambas. In the 13th century, the Nilambur Kovilakam established their rule in the region. During the colonial period, the British government collected revenue from tribal lands by force. The early settlers in the region include the Nambudiris (Brahmins from Kerala), the Cholainaickans, and various other native tribes.

Agriculture is one of the primary economic activities practiced by the people of Nilambur. The idea of commercializing agriculture in Nilambur began with the British who started with teak plantations. The plantation was initiated by H.V. Conolly, the collector of Malabar in the 1840s. It is considered to be the oldest teak plantation zone in all of India. In 1995, the Teak Museum was established to educate visitors about sustainable forestry, while also working to preserve the area's rich biodiversity through conservation efforts.

Nilambur is important for its biosphere as well rich cultural heritage. Nilambur Pattu is one of the town's oldest festivals, celebrates the arrival of God Vettakkorumakan (a form of God Shiva), and brings together tribals and the royal family for its celebration. 

To promote the holistic development of the community residing there, different kinds of integrated programs have been initiated by various governing bodies, such as goat rearing and medicinal plant cultivation, among others. The proximity to lush green rainforests, like Nedumkayam, and the maintenance of historic teak plantations, such as Conolly's Plot, showcases efforts to preserve the environment while promoting responsible tourism. Nilambur’s abundant natural resources and commitment to sustainable practices make it a unique ecological zone. 

Nilambur to attain the sustainable development goals underwent significant transformations, since 2010. Nilambur stands out for its exemplary self-help organizations, promoting healthcare facilities, and pre-primary and secondary education. Education is an important sector that has brought progress and development to the region. Formal education, which was first restricted to the upper section of society, was later supported by social groups to bring awareness among the marginalized sections as well. Presently, the average literacy rate is 94.9 percent, which is higher compared to other towns in India. Different forms of art, such as plays, and traditional dance forms, have brought people from different communities together to create an atmosphere of inclusivity and equal participation. The region excels in providing free health services and promoting the concept of palliative care to improve the quality of life of patients. Palliative care encourages the involvement of local governing bodies and community-based efforts.

Nilambur, as a learning city, is an exceptional example of promoting inclusivity and community-driven efforts for sustainable development.