Jharkhand is a state in eastern India that exhibits a vibrant culture, dominated by the tribes that reside therein. Their festivals, handicrafts, music, dance, and cuisine reflect the age-old wisdom and traditions. However, rather than being static, these facets of culture are dynamic and are fast adapting to the modern world.
The art of embroidery and painting on textile is one such field, in which Jadupatua (scroll painting), and Sohrai and Kohvar (wall paintings), which were earlier done on paper or plastered walls are now done on cloth. Traditional designs of local flora, fauna, and symbols of daily life are embroidered or painted on cloth. The only change is the use of readily available fabric paints, which are cheaper than naturally made ones. Some interesting design additions are the ‘Convent designs’ which were popularised by missionaries.
The art has been passed down through generations, and the artists, who are predominantly women, have been trained to embroider on clot. They make items such as sarees, shawls, dress material, dupattas, ties, bags, lampshades to cater to a broad market. This cooperative working has also led to women empowerment, and one can see hitherto homebound women walk around with the money that they have earned through their own skills.
Production poses little difficulty, as women who would otherwise have to work in backbreaking jobs as labourers in construction sites, are happy to become more productive. However, the marketing of goods poses challenges. There is no permanent shop or market for these products in the local areas. With the assistance of various self-help groups and start-ups, they are able to participate in government-sponsored fairs and festivals. Such efforts undoubtedly connect them to a broader section of buyers.